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Gallbladder Removal (Cholecystectomy): What You Need to Know

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What is a Gallbladder Removal (Cholecystectomy)?

A cholecystectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the gallbladder, a small organ located under your liver that stores bile. This procedure is commonly recommended for people experiencing gallstones, gallbladder inflammation, or other related conditions. Removing the gallbladder is safe and does not affect your long-term digestion for most people.

This page will guide you through what a cholecystectomy is, why it’s done, what to expect, and how to recover.

Why the Gallbladder May Need to Be Removed

The gallbladder helps with digestion by storing and releasing bile, a fluid that breaks down fats. However, it is not essential for survival, and many people live healthy lives without it.

Your healthcare provider may recommend a cholecystectomy for:

  • Gallstones causing pain or blockage
  • Gallbladder inflammation (cholecystitis)
  • Gallstones in the bile duct
  • Pancreatitis caused by gallstones
  • Gallbladder polyps or rare cases of gallbladder cancer

Common symptoms that may indicate gallbladder problems include:

  • Pain in the upper right abdomen or under the right shoulder blade
  • Nausea or vomiting after eating fatty meals
  • Bloating or indigestion
  • Fever or chills (in cases of infection)

Types of Cholecystectomy

1. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (Minimally Invasive)

  • Most common method
  • Performed through several small incisions
  • A camera and surgical tools are used to remove the gallbladder
  • Usually allows for same-day discharge and quicker recovery

2. Open Cholecystectomy

  • Performed through a larger incision in the upper right abdomen
  • May be necessary for complicated cases or if laparoscopy is not possible
  • Requires a longer hospital stay and recovery

Before the Procedure

You’ll have a physical exam and imaging tests such as an ultrasound or CT scan to confirm the diagnosis. Your provider may also order blood tests to check for infection or liver function.

Pre-surgery instructions may include:

  • Avoiding food or drink for several hours before the procedure
  • Adjusting or stopping certain medications
  • Arranging transportation home (especially after laparoscopic surgery)

What to Expect During Surgery

  • You will receive general anesthesia, so you’ll be asleep during the procedure.
  • Laparoscopic surgery typically lasts 1–2 hours.
  • If complications arise, the surgeon may switch to an open surgery.

After the Procedure

Recovery:

  • Laparoscopic: You can usually go home the same day and return to normal activities within 1–2 weeks.
  • Open surgery: Hospital stay of 2–3 days, with recovery lasting 4–6 weeks.

Post-op Symptoms May Include:

  • Soreness around the incisions
  • Bloating or gas
  • Diarrhea or changes in digestion (usually temporary)
  • Fatigue during the first few days

Most patients return to a normal diet gradually. You may be advised to start with low-fat meals and reintroduce foods slowly.

Potential Risks and Complications

Cholecystectomy is generally safe, but like all surgeries, it carries some risks:

  • Infection
  • Bleeding
  • Bile duct injury or leakage
  • Blood clots
  • Adverse reactions to anesthesia

Your surgical team will take precautions to minimize risks and will discuss these with you beforehand.

Life After Gallbladder Removal

Most people live normally without a gallbladder. However, some patients may notice:

  • Mild digestive changes (especially with fatty or greasy foods)
  • Occasional diarrhea or bloating (usually temporary)
  • Rarely, a condition called postcholecystectomy syndrome, involving abdominal discomfort or digestive symptoms that persist

Your provider may offer dietary guidance to ease the transition and help manage any side effects.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Will I need to change my diet permanently?
Not necessarily. Most people can return to a normal diet, though it may help to limit high-fat foods at first.

How long before I can return to work?
For laparoscopic surgery, usually within 1–2 weeks. Open surgery may require 4–6 weeks of recovery.

Is it normal to have digestive issues after surgery?
Yes, minor symptoms like bloating or loose stools are common early on and usually improve over time.

Helpful Resources

Have Questions or Concerns?

If you’re scheduled for gallbladder removal or want to know whether it’s the right choice for you, speak with your healthcare provider. We’re here to guide you every step of the way.