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Falls Canyon Surgical Associates

Cholecystectomy (Gallbladder Removal): What You Need to Know

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What is a Cholecystectomy?

A cholecystectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the gallbladder, a small organ located under your liver that stores bile. This procedure is commonly recommended for people experiencing gallstones, gallbladder inflammation, or other related conditions. Removing the gallbladder is safe and does not affect your long-term digestion for most people.

This page will guide you through what a cholecystectomy is, why it’s done, what to expect, and how to recover.

Why the Gallbladder May Need to Be Removed

The gallbladder helps with digestion by storing and releasing bile, a fluid that breaks down fats. However, it is not essential for survival, and many people live healthy lives without it.

Your healthcare provider may recommend a cholecystectomy for:

  • Gallstones causing pain or blockage
  • Gallbladder inflammation (cholecystitis)
  • Gallstones in the bile duct
  • Pancreatitis caused by gallstones
  • Gallbladder polyps or rare cases of gallbladder cancer

Common symptoms that may indicate gallbladder problems include:

  • Pain in the upper right abdomen or under the right shoulder blade
  • Nausea or vomiting after eating fatty meals
  • Bloating or indigestion
  • Fever or chills (in cases of infection)

Before the Procedure

Acute Cholecystectomy (Urgent Emergency)

If acute cholecystitis is suspected and emergency surgery is needed:

  • Evaluation/diagnosis: Blood tests, urine tests, and imaging (such as ultrasound or CT scan) are performed.
  • Surgical timing: Once diagnosed, surgery is typically scheduled immediately as an emergency procedure.
  • Hospital stay: You may stay overnight for observation depending on your condition.
  • Pre-op treatment: IV fluids and antibiotics may be given before surgery.

Elective Cholecystectomy

If a gallbladder needs to be removed but is not a life-threatening emergency, you will likely be referred to a general surgeon who can discuss treatment options, but an elective cholecystectomy is most commonly recommended to prevent future episodes. Preparing for an elective cholecystectomy includes:

  • Initial Consultation: Where you meet with the surgeon who will be performing the surgery and discuss treatment options.
  • Pre-Op Tests: Some patients may require blood tests and an EKG before surgery. Please complete all blood tests and EKGs within 30 days of surgery, and no later than two weeks before, to allow time for any needed repeats.
  • Imaging: CT/CAT scans, ultrasounds, or an MRI may be performed to determine the best and most safe surgical approach.
  • Medications: Inform your doctor about all medications and supplements, especially blood thinners.
  • Smoking: Stop smoking before surgery to promote better healing. Some insurances may require this step in order to authorize surgery. Check with your healthcare provider if you have questions about this.
  • Prep the Night Before:
    • Use the provided antibacterial soap to wash the area the night before and morning of the surgery. This excludes hemorrhoid procedures.
    • Clean clothes and clean sheets gets you prepared for surgery.
  • Fasting: Do not eat or drink anything for at least 6–8 hours before surgery.
  • Transportation: It is required that you arrange for someone to drive you home after the procedure.

It is very important that you properly prepare yourself for surgery as it allows for your doctor to perform the surgery safely and effectively. If you’re preparing for a cholecystectomy, please visit the link below to view more detailed instructions on how to prepare for surgery.

Visit our Preparing for Surgery Page

What to Expect During Surgery

  • You will receive general anesthesia, so you’ll be asleep during the procedure.
  • Laparoscopic and Open surgeries typically last between 1–2 hours.
  • The surgeon removes the gallbladder and closes the incision(s) with sutures or staples.
  • If the gallbladder has ruptured, the area may be cleaned and a temporary drain placed to remove infection.
  • If complications arise, the surgeon may switch to an open surgery.

There are two main surgical methods for removing the gallbladder:

1. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

  • Most common method of gallbladder removal.
  • Minimally invasive approach typically performed through 3 to 4 small incisions.
  • A small camera (laparoscope) provides a live video feed to a monitor.
  • The surgeon operates using long, thin instruments inserted through the incisions.
  • The gallbladder is detached and removed through one of the small openings, typically the left incision (1).
  • Usually allows for same-day discharge and quicker recovery.
  • Less postoperative pain and scarring compared to open surgery
  • Lower risk of complications
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

2. Open Cholecystectomy

  • Less common as the laparoscopic approach is the preferred method.
  • The surgeon makes an incision below the right rib cage, typically around 4-6 inches.
  • The gallbladder is carefully separated from nearby structures and removed from the abdomen.
  • The area is checked for bleeding, and the incision is closed with sutures or staples.
  • This approach may be necessary for complicated cases or if laparoscopy is not possible.
Open Cholecystectomy

After the Procedure

  • Hospital stay:
    • May be 1–2 days for an uncomplicated cholecystectomy however some patients go home the same day.
    • Longer hospital stay may be required if the gallbladder ruptured or if there were other complications during surgery.
  • At home recovery:
    • Most patients resume light activity within a few days
    • Most patients return to work or school around 1-2 weeks after surgery
    • Depending on working conditions, lifting restrictions may be in place until fully healed at around 2-4 weeks.
    • Full recovery typically takes 2–4 weeks

In some cases a drain may be placed to help the surgical site heal. These drains will most likely be removed within 10 days of the surgery at a post-op appointment with your doctor.

What to Expect:

  • Soreness around the incisions
  • Bloating or gas
  • Diarrhea or changes in digestion (usually temporary)
  • Fatigue during the first few days
  • Instructions on wound care, bathing, and activity restrictions

Most patients return to a normal diet gradually. You may be advised to start with low-fat meals and reintroduce foods slowly.

Contact your doctor if you experience:

  • Fever over 100.4°F (38°C)
  • Redness or drainage at the incision site
  • Persistent nausea or vomiting
  • Increasing pain or swelling
  • Yellowing of the white part of the eye (Jaundice).

Potential Risks and Complications

Cholecystectomy is generally safe, but like all surgeries, it carries some risks:

  • Infection
  • Bleeding
  • Damage to nearby organs
  • Reactions to anesthesia
  • Blood clots

Your surgical team will take precautions to minimize risks and will discuss these with you beforehand.

Life After Gallbladder Removal

Most people live normally without a gallbladder. However, some patients may notice:

  • Mild digestive changes (especially with fatty or greasy foods)
  • Occasional diarrhea or bloating (usually temporary)
  • Rarely, a condition called postcholecystectomy syndrome, involving abdominal discomfort or digestive symptoms that persist. Consult your surgical team if these systems present themselves.

Your provider may offer dietary guidance to ease the transition and help manage any side effects.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Will I need to change my diet permanently?
Not necessarily. Most people can return to a normal diet, though it may help to limit high-fat foods at first.

How long until I can drive?
It is recommended to wait 5-7 days after surgery before attempting to drive. It is important to make sure that you are comfortable and not influenced by any narcotics remaining in your system.

How long before I can return to work?
For laparoscopic surgery, usually within 1–2 weeks. Open surgery may require 4–6 weeks of recovery.

Is it normal to have digestive issues after surgery?
Yes, minor symptoms like bloating or loose stools are common early on and usually improve over time.

Will I need to take medications long-term after surgery?
No, most patients don’t require long-term medications, but your doctor may recommend short-term pain relief or antidiarrheal medication if needed.

How long will I be in the hospital?
Laparoscopic surgery is typically done as an outpatient procedure, or with an overnight stay. Open surgery may require 2–4 days in the hospital.

Can gallstones come back after surgery?
No. Once the gallbladder is removed, gallstones cannot form in it again. However, stones can occasionally form in the bile ducts.

Will I have a scar?
Laparoscopic surgery leaves a few small scars. Open surgery will leave a larger scar on the abdomen.

When can I start exercising again?
Light walking can begin within a few days. Strenuous activity or lifting should be avoided for 2–4 weeks, depending on your doctor’s instructions.

Can I sleep on my side or stomach after surgery?
Yes, once you’re comfortable. Many patients prefer sleeping on their back initially to reduce pressure on the abdomen.

Will I lose weight after gallbladder surgery?
Some people lose a small amount of weight due to early dietary changes, but it’s not guaranteed or a substitute for weight loss treatment.

What are signs of complications I should watch for?
Contact your doctor if you notice fever, increasing pain, yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), swelling, redness, or drainage from the incision site.

Can I drink alcohol after gallbladder removal?
Yes, in moderation, once you’ve fully recovered. Avoid alcohol while taking pain medications or antibiotics.

Will this surgery affect pregnancy or fertility?
No, gallbladder removal does not impact fertility or pregnancy. In fact, it is sometimes performed during pregnancy if necessary.

When can I resume sexual activity?
Typically after 2–3 weeks, but only when you’re comfortable and cleared by your provider.

Can children have gallbladder surgery?
Yes, if needed. Gallbladder removal is safe and effective in children with gallstones or gallbladder disease.

Have Questions or Concerns?

Your care team is here to help. If you’ve been diagnosed with cholecystitis or are recovering from a cholecystectomy, don’t hesitate to contact us with questions about your treatment or recovery.